Suspension & Steering part descriptions:
N - Z
Power Steering
A system that uses hydraulic or electric assistance to reduce the effort needed to turn the steering wheel. It consists of a pump, fluid, valves, and actuators. Power steering makes driving easier and more comfortable, especially at low speeds and when parking
Power Steering Fluid
A hydraulic fluid that transmits power in the steering system, reducing effort to turn the steering wheel. It lubricates and prevents corrosion of steering components. Low fluid can cause hard steering or whining noises. Check and replace fluid regularly to maintain proper steering function.
Power Steering Pressure Hose
The power steering pressure hose transports high-pressure fluid from the power steering pump to the steering gear. A failing hose may leak, increase steering effort, and cause abnormal pump noise due to low fluid levels. When replacing, use factory parts and flush the system on European vehicles.
Power Steering Pump
A power steering pump is a hydraulic pump that pressurizes fluid and sends it to the steering gear to assist in turning the wheels. Common issues with a failing pump include lack of power steering, whining noises, and fluid leaks. The pump is usually belt-driven and mounted on the engine.
Rear Coil Spring
The rear coil spring supports the vehicle’s weight and maintains ride height on the rear axle. It allows the suspension to adapt to changing road conditions. Symptoms of a failing rear coil spring include knocking noises over bumps and low ride height. Always replace in pairs and realign afterwards.
Rear Shock Absorber
Rear shock absorbers dampen shock from rough roads, preventing excessive vehicle bouncing. Symptoms of failing rear shocks include unsettled feeling over bumps, extended bouncing, knocking noises, leaking oil, worn bushings, and uneven tire wear. Replace in pairs; some contain adjustable air bladders for ride height.
Rear Sway Bar
The rear sway bar is a solid bar connecting both sides of the rear suspension. Its purpose is to reduce vehicle lean when cornering. Symptoms of a failing rear sway bar include abnormal suspension noise over bumps and excessive body lean in turns. Replacing it usually doesn’t require a wheel alignment.
Rear Trailing Arm
Rear trailing arms are sturdy metal links that connect the rear axle to the vehicle chassis, allowing the axle to move freely while maintaining proper alignment. They are commonly used in aftermarket suspension kits for trucks. Worn bushings in the trailing arms can cause clunking noises, instability, and uneven tire wear.
Steering Column
The steering column is a long housing that contains the steering shaft, connecting the steering wheel to the steering gearbox or rack. It also houses steering wheel accessories. Symptoms of a failing steering column include excessive movement and abnormal noise when turning. Repairs usually involve replacing internal components.
Steering Intermediate Shaft
The steering intermediate shaft connects the steering wheel to the steering gearbox or rack using universal joints at each end. It allows for the angle between the steering shaft and gear. Symptoms of a failing intermediate shaft include clunking noises while turning. Replacement is often required if issues arise.
Steering Rack And Pinion
The steering rack and pinion converts the rotational motion of the steering wheel into linear motion, allowing the wheels to turn. Found in most current cars and light-duty trucks, it provides better road feedback and requires less steering wheel rotation compared to other systems.
Steering Rack Boot
The steering rack boot is a rubber seal that covers the connection between the steering rack and tie rod end. It prevents dirt and debris from damaging the steering rack. Cracked or oil-soaked boots should be replaced, followed by a four-wheel alignment.
Steering Rack Bushings
Steering rack bushings are steel sleeves surrounded by rubber or polyurethane, positioned between the steering rack and vehicle frame. They dampen vibrations from suspension and steering components during driving. Bad bushings can cause clunking, jerking, shaking steering wheel, excessive free play, inconsistent steering resistance, improper alignment, and potential power steering fluid leaks.
Strut Bearing
A strut bearing serves as the upper pivot point for the front strut assemblies. It allows the strut to rotate when steering and is essential for proper ride, handling, and steering. Failure can lead to dangerous driving conditions and various symptoms.
Struts
Struts are a structural part of a vehicle’s suspension system that support its weight and provide dampening over rough roads. Most vehicles use MacPherson struts, which combine a shock absorber and coil spring into one assembly. Struts can also be part of the steering system, pivoting when the steering wheel is turned.
Suspension Knuckle
The suspension knuckle connects the upper and lower suspension parts to the wheel support assembly. It serves as the mounting point for the wheel spindle or hub. In steering applications, it’s called a “steering knuckle” and allows wheels to turn left or right.
Sway Bar Bushing
Sway bar bushings connect the sway bar to the vehicle’s body or frame, improving handling and stability. They can wear out over time, leading to reduced handling, knocking noises over bumps, and squeaking during turns. Replacement by a professional mechanic is recommended when these symptoms occur.
Sway Bar End Link Rear
The sway bar end link rear connects the sway bar to the suspension at the rear of the vehicle. It helps stabilise the car during cornering. When faulty, it can cause rattling, increased vehicle lean while turning, and clicking or knocking sounds over bumps.
Sway Bar End Links
Sway bar end links connect the sway bar to the vehicle’s suspension. They help stabilise the car during turns and over bumps. Signs of failing links include popping or knocking noises and reduced handling. Replacement is straightforward but not recommended for DIYers due to the need for special tools.
Tie Rod End
Tie rod ends connect the steering mechanism to the steering knuckles. They enable the wheels to turn when the steering wheel is rotated. Signs of failure include uneven tire wear, front-end shimmy, and grease loss. Replacement is necessary when worn out.