Electrical & Light part descriptions
A - M
Alternator
The alternator is a key component of a vehicle’s charging system, supplying power to the battery and electrical systems while the engine runs. Common signs of alternator failure include dimming lights, difficulty starting, stalling, and whining noises. Alternators are usually replaced rather than repaired when they fail.
Battery
A car battery provides power to start the engine and run electrical components. It can die due to factors like leaving lights on, short trips, loose/corroded cables, low electrolyte levels, charging system issues, cold weather, or age. Proper maintenance and care can help extend the battery’s lifespan.
Battery Cable
Battery cables connect the battery to the vehicle’s electrical system and keep it grounded. The positive (red) cable connects the battery to the starter solenoid, while the negative (black) cable grounds the battery. Faulty battery cables can prevent the car from starting, cause electrical issues, and lead to drivability problems.
Door Window Motor
The door window motor is a component that powers the window regulator to raise and lower the vehicle’s window glass. It converts electrical energy into mechanical energy to move the window. When the motor fails, the window may move slowly, erratically, or not at all.
Door Window Regulator
The door window regulator is a mechanical assembly that raises and lowers the window glass in a vehicle’s door. It consists of a motor, regulator assembly, and rails or cable pulleys. The regulator can fail due to cable breakage, motor issues, or worn-out parts, requiring replacement.
Fuse Box
A fuse box is a centralised electrical component that houses fuses to protect the vehicle’s electrical system from short circuits and overloads. It distributes power to various electrical components and accessories. When a fuse blows, it cuts off power to the corresponding circuit to prevent damage.
Headlight
Headlights are a vehicle’s forward illumination system, providing visibility in low-light conditions. They consist of a housing, reflector, and bulb or LED. Headlights are crucial for safe driving at night or in poor weather. Regular maintenance, such as cleaning and replacing bulbs, is necessary to ensure optimal performance.
Headlight Bulb
An essential component of a vehicle’s lighting system that illuminates the road ahead. Headlight bulbs come in various types, such as halogen, LED, and HID. They are replaceable and should be changed in pairs to ensure even brightness and colour temperature.
Hybrid Battery Control Module
The hybrid battery control module calculates the high voltage battery’s state of charge in a hybrid vehicle and sends this information to the high voltage control unit, which then determines whether to charge or discharge the battery. Symptoms of a failing module include warning lights and charging issues.
Ignition Lock Cylinder
The ignition lock cylinder is a mechanical tumbler that your car key slides into, similar to a household lock. It rotates the vehicle’s ignition switch when the key is turned, allowing you to start the car or use accessories. Common failure signs include the key not turning or getting stuck.
Ignition Lock Electrical Assembly
The ignition lock electrical assembly controls the electrical functions of the ignition lock cylinder, such as the ignition switch and the ignition key warning switch. It is located in the steering column and plays a crucial role in the vehicle’s starting system.
Ignition Switch
The ignition switch supplies power from the battery to the car’s electronics. Common problems with a faulty switch include the engine dying, not starting, intermittent loss of lighting and accessories, and issues removing the key. The switch has four positions: lock/off, accessory, run, and start. Heavy keychains can damage it over time.